急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效评估

目的探讨地市级中心城市医院急诊经皮冠状动脉介入（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）治疗急性心肌梗死（acute myocardial infarction,AMI）的临床疗效及安全性。方法 45例发病12h以内AMI患者行直接PCI共置入支架49枚,观察梗死相关动脉（infarct related artery,IRA）再通率,住院病死率及主要不良心脏事件（major adverse cardiac event,MACE）发生率。结果支架置入成功率100%;达TIMIⅢ级血流IRA再通率88.9%;住院病死率2.2%;MACE发生率4.4%。结论地市级中心城市医院开展急诊PCI血管再通率高、病死率低、安全有效,能为更多基层AMI患者实行早期PCI治疗。     

Integration of municipal state,society and university efforts for sanitary risk prevention associated with Aedes aegypti mosquito in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires,Argentina

The sanitary problem of Aedes aegypti mosquito acquires relevance around the world because it is the vector of dengue, zika, chikungunya and yellow fever. The vector is adapting to southern regions faster, and the propagation of these diseases in urban areas is a complex problem for society. We aimed to contribute to the risk prevention of disease transmission in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, through monitoring Aedes aegypti population levels and developing education campaigns with government agencies and society participation. Monitoring activities aimed to diagnose the presence of the vector and its ecology behaviour, and to generate education and prevention politics to avoid its propagation. The results show that (1) the mosquito is in the territory and it is spreading, (2) prevention activities of the municipalities are insufficient to generate an effective sanitary response and (3) it is necessary to improve the education programmes to the population about the life cycle of the vector. The integration of university, government and society improved the work of the team because it combined knowledge about vector ecology, diseases and territory characteristics.     

The Role of Waste Management in Control of Rabies: A Neglected Issue

Despite being vaccine preventable, the global burden of dog rabies remains significant, and historically it is the rural and marginalized communities in developing countries of Africa and Asia that are most threatened by the disease. In recent years, the developing world has been experiencing unprecedented increases in urbanization, with a correspondingly massive increase in municipal solid waste generation, among other things. Inefficient and inadequate waste collection and management, due to lack of resources and planning, led to significant increases in the volumes of waste on the streets and in open dumps, where it serves as food sources for free-roaming dogs. In this commentary, we discuss examples of poor waste management and the likely impact on rabies control efforts through the sustenance of free-roaming dogs in some dog rabies-endemic countries. We aim to stress the importance of implementing strategies that effectively address this particular issue as an important component of humane dog population management, as it relates to aspirations for the control and elimination of dog rabies per se.     

市级医院电子病历应用水平分级评价的研究与评估

依据国家相关标准,结合上海市级医院电子病历系统建设的实际情况,上海申康医院发展中心建立市级医院电子病历应用水平分级评价体系模型,研发评估系统产品,组织评估系统应用示范,完成对34家市级医院电子病历系统应用水平的等级评估,积极推进及提高各市级医院电子病历建设水平,引导市级医院科学合理的发展电子病历系统。     

河津市12 433名幼儿园儿童体检情况分析

关注儿童健康，是每个家庭及社会上的一件大事。河津市近10年来，每年对幼儿园儿童进行一次健康体检，由市直幼儿园延伸到各乡、村幼儿园，经过多年的监测，基本上掌握了学龄前儿童的健康状况。现就2004年4月至10月间对全市农村149所12433名儿童的健康体检情况分析如下。     

地市级公立医院品牌建设中的问题分析及策略探讨

通过品牌效应树立良好形象、赢得公众口碑、占据竞争优势已成为许多医院在推动可持续发展中的共识。文章通过分析医院品牌建设中存在的优势及劣势,面临的机遇和挑战,从地市级公立医院的视角探讨了品牌建设的定位和策略选择,以期寻找更加完善的医院品牌运行发展模式。     

DNA damage in bone marrow and blood cells of mice exposed to municipal sludge leachates

Leachates of municipal solid waste from unsecured disposal sites contaminate sources of potable water and affect human health. In the present study, we have used the Comet assay to evaluate the DNA damage in mice exposed to municipal sludge leachates. Ten percent leachates were prepared from municipal sludge obtained from two different disposal drains. Male Swiss albino mice were treated daily with 0.1-0.4 ml of the leachates by oral gavage for 15 days, and the DNA damage was evaluated in bone marrow and blood using Olive tail moment, % tail DNA, and tail length as measures of DNA damage. Physicochemical and metal analysis of the leachates detected the presence of cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc, as well as elevated concentrations of sulfate and nitrate. Both of the leachates produced significant dose-responsive increases in DNA damage in both mouse tissues. There were no significant differences in the responses for any of the Comet endpoints between tissues (for the same leachate sample) or between leachate samples (for the same tissue). The results of this study indicate that municipal waste leachates produce DNA damage in vivo.     

Mortality of a municipal worker cohort: I. Males

A retrospective cohort mortality study was conducted on 11,499 full-time municipal employees of the City of Buffalo, New York, who were employed at least one day between January 1, 1950 and October 1, 1979 and worked a minimum of five years. This paper outlines the method of the study and presents the all cause and cause-specific mortality for the male cohort of 10,128. Statistically significant deficits in mortality are seen for infectious diseases, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, and all external causes. Statistically significant increased mortality is seen for both malignant and benign neoplasms. All cause mortality was significantly lower than expected for professional, manager, and clerical workers. White-collar workers exhibit a decreased risk of mortality from all diseases of the circulatory system, all diseases of the respiratory system, and all external causes of death. No statistically significant increased or decreased risk of mortality from specific cancer sites is seen for white-collar workers. Blue-collar workers show statistically significant deficits in mortality from infectious diseases, all diseases of the circulatory system, all respiratory diseases, and all external causes. Blue-collar workers exhibit statistically significant increases for benign and malignant neoplasms and in particular, malignant neoplasms of the esophagus, large intestine, and rectum. The meaning of these findings will be clarified through analyses of specific worker groups.     

Trace Element Composition of Municipal Waters in the United States: A Comparison of ICP-AES and ICP-MS Methods

A collaborative project was outlined by representatives of the Nutrient Data Laboratory and the Food Composition Laboratory of the United States Department of Agriculture. The purpose of the project was to obtain trace element (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, P, K, Na, Mn, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni and V) composition data for municipal waters sampled around the United States during three different seasons. Several sub-goals were outlined: (1) Compare inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) methods for the direct determination of nutritionally important elements in water; (2) Compare data from this study with a national, probability-based sampling plan, to existing published data in U.S. Department of Agriculture's Standard Reference Database SR-13; (3) Consider the variability of values comparing different locations; (4) Evaluate seasonal variability; (5) Conclude as to whether or not this high consumption product is a reasonable source of trace elements in the human diet. Results from the study indicated that the excellent detection capability of ICP-MS provided Cr, Ni and V results at the ppb level and also provided P and K data, all of which will be significant positive additions to USDA's Standard Reference Database SR-13. Correlation studies comparing ICP-MS and ICP-AES data showed excellent agreement (Ca, Cu, Mg, Na R=0.99+; K R=0.96). No real significant seasonal variability was identified during the course of the study. This study highlighted the fact that water is not a significant source of most trace elements in the U.S. diet.     

厦门市征收城市生活垃圾处理费的公共政策分析

从政策科学中的公共政策理论角度,以厦门市征收城市生活垃圾处理费政策为对象,对其问题的构建,方案的制定与通过、内容的实施、执行的效果及未来的走向等进行分析与评价.